I'm wondering: Does the game have any music? Because I chose Soundblaster or Adlib and heard no sounds/music whatsoever. Is it just my own stupidity and I'm missing something or is the game without music data?

The game has music and sound (and quite nice). I ran on the same problem as you actually XD.

You need to go to the office building in game, select the cabinet, and there you can check music and sound (it comes muted by default)

I've noticed that I can't take loan from the bank, it says that loan must be repaid first even though I don't have any. Anyone have any solutions?

When you run out of money, game takes automatically loan two times.